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Religious Architecture: Generally speaking, Buddhist architecture follow the imperial style. A large Buddhist monastery normally has a front hall, housing the statue of a Bodhisattva, followed by a great hall, housing the statues of the Buddhas. Accommodations for the monks and the nuns are located at ...

Imperial Architecture: There were certain architectural features that were reserved solely for buildings built for the Emperor of China. One example is the use of yellow roof tiles; yellow having been the Imperial color, yellow roof tiles still adorn most of the buildings within the Forbidden City. The ...

Commoner Architecture: As for the commoners, be they bureaucrats, merchants or farmers, their houses tended to follow a set pattern: the center of the building would be a shrine for the deities and the ancestors, which would also be used during festivities. On its two sides were bedrooms for the elders...

Features of Chinese Architecture:(II) Architectural Bilateral symmetry: Another important feature is its emphasis on articulation and bilateral symmetry, which signifies balance. Bilateral symmetry and the articulation of buildings are found everywhere in Chinese architecture, from palace complexes to humble farmhouses. When possible, plans for ...

Pavilions: A common sight in the country, the Chinese pavilion (ting, which means also a kiosk) is built normally either of wood or stone or bamboo and may be in any of several plan figures - square, triangle, hexagon, octagon, a five-petal flower, a fan and what not. But all pavilions ...

Features of Chinese Architecture:(I) Horizontal emphasis: The most important is the emphasis on the horizontal axis, in particular the construction of a heavy platform and a large roof that floats over this base, with the vertical walls not as well emphasized. This contrasts Western architecture, which tends to grow in height and depth. ...

House of Retreat: Certain types of Chinese buildings or rooms that provide or promise a quiet retreat for specific purposes are usually called zhai. This is originally a word with religious implication, meaning "purification by ablution and abstinence." From this has been derived the name zhaigong ...

Storeyed Building: When the Chinese speak of a lou, they refer to any building of two or more storeys with a horizontal main ridge. The erection of such buildings began a long time ago in the Warring States Period (475-221 B.C.), when chonglou ("layered houses") was mentioned in historical records. ...

Underground Irrigation Tunnels: In the Hami and Turpan areas of Xinjiang, there is an unusual kind of irrigation system formed by underground tunnels and wells. A system worked out by the people in the light of local climate and topography, it has a history of over 2,000 years. These areas are extremely arid. ...

"Flowing-Cup Pavilion": This is a pavilion which used to serve as a place of recreation for men of letters. In the stone floor is cut a winding ditch to which water from a spring is channelled. Participants to the "flowing-cup" game would in turn fill a cup with liquor and set it "sailing" down the mini...

Chinese Palace: In earliest China, palace (gong ) means an ordinary house or a group of people, however, as the development of history, it means a cluster of grand buildings, in which the emperor, empress and royal family lived and worked. The name of Imperial Palace has been attached to it, and ...

The Number "Nine" and Imperial Buildings: It may not be common knowledge among Western visitors that the number "nine" carried a special significance in old China. Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as masculine and even numbers as feminine. "Nine", the largest single digit number, was taken as representing the ...

Passes: Passes were defence fortifications in ancient China. Born of war, they were built at points of strategic importance. In the early days passes were built of rammed earth and masonry at places easily defended and hard to be conquered. Later, cities were developed around the passes. ...

Embrasured Watchtower and Barbican Entrance: Standing opposite every city gate of old Beijing was an embrasured watchtower, an imposing and distinctive structure that added tremendously to the landscape of the city in old days. Today, only two of them are still there: the Zhengyang Gate and the Desheng Gate. In days of yore ...

Ancient Capital City: Beijing (1): With the exception of Nanjing as the capital city during the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the feudalistic dynasties of Yuan, Ming and Qing, all designated Beijing their capital city. As such, Beijing completely superseded its predecessors including the capital cities of Chang ...

Storeyed Pavilion: The Chinese ge is similar to the lou in that both are of two or more storeys, but the ge has a door and windows only on the front side, with the other three sides all solid walls, and it is usually enclosed by wood balustrades or decorated boards all around. Such storeyed ...

Chinese Folk Residences: Folk residences are the earliest architectural types in the history of China. These residences are usually in diversified forms with no restrictions and built according to local conditions. They are the buildings with the strongest folk styles and local flavors in Chinese ...

Hall: The dian is the largest single building in traditional Chinese architecture and is generally referred to as dadian (grand hall). It is also called zhengdian (central hall) as it is invariably built on the axis of an architectural complex. Corresponding to the rigid ranking system ...

Rules of Building Private Gardens: Part 3: Private gardens cannot afford the vast space of imperial gardens, or the imposing groups of architecture. Instead their space is complex and contained, including a full array of architectural types, mountains, waters and vegetation. Therefore to create a place fit for seeing, ...

Aobao (Mongolian Stone Heaps for Worship): Travellers to Inner Mongolia are impressed by pillbox-shaped heaps that stand singularly or in clusters on the grassland. The local people call them "aobao", and they are built of stone in areas where stone abounds, and sand and earth and encircled with willow branches where ...

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